Seventh Chords
Major 7, minor 7, dominant 7
Adding the Seventh
So far all your chords have been triads — three notes (root, third, fifth). Seventh chords add a fourth note: the seventh degree of the scale. This extra note adds richness, tension, and colour.
Major 7th (Cmaj7): warm, dreamy, jazzy. Used in bossa nova, R&B, neo-soul.
Minor 7th (Am7): smooth, mellow, slightly melancholy. Blues, jazz, soul.
Dominant 7th (G7): tense, wants to resolve. Blues, rock, jazz — the quintessential blues chord.
How They're Built
Major 7: Root + Major 3rd + Perfect 5th + Major 7th — one semitone below the octave. Beautiful, floating quality.
Minor 7: Root + Minor 3rd + Perfect 5th + Minor 7th — both the 3rd and 7th are flattened. Dark but smooth.
Dominant 7: Root + Major 3rd + Perfect 5th + Minor 7th — major triad with a flattened 7th. The tension between the major 3rd and minor 7th creates a "pull" toward resolution.
Open Seventh Chord Shapes
The most useful open voicings are often simpler than their triad versions:
Am7: Remove your ring finger from Am — open G string becomes the b7
Em7: Remove your ring finger from Em — let string 4 open
G7: G chord but add index on fret 1 of string 1
D7: D chord but lift your middle finger — open string 1 gives you the b7 of D
Cmaj7: C chord but lift your index finger — open string 2 (B) is the major 7th of C
Tab Examples
Common open seventh chords
Am7: Em7: Cmaj7: G7: D7: e--0-- e--0-- e--0-- e--1-- e--2-- B--1-- B--0-- B--0-- B--0-- B--1-- G--0-- G--0-- G--0-- G--0-- G--2-- D--2-- D--0-- D--2-- D--0-- D--0-- A--0-- A--2-- A--3-- A--2-- A----- E----- E--0-- E----- E--3-- E-----
Jazzy progression: Cmaj7 - Am7 - Dm7 - G7
e--0---0---0---0----0---0---0---0----1---1---1---1----1---1---1---1-- B--0---0---0---0----1---1---1---1----1---1---1---1----0---0---0---0-- G--0---0---0---0----0---0---0---0----2---2---2---2----0---0---0---0-- D--2---2---2---2----2---2---2---2----0---0---0---0----0---0---0---0-- A--3---3---3---3----0---0---0---0---------------------2---2---2---2-- E-----------------------------------------------------3---3---3---3--
Chord Diagrams
Tips
- Seventh chords add sophistication to any progression
- Dominant 7ths (like G7 or E7) create tension that resolves to the next chord
- Replace every V chord with V7 for stronger resolution
- Am7 and Em7 are great for mellow fingerpicking
Practice Exercises
- Learn each open seventh chord shape and check all strings ring
- Play Cmaj7-Am7-Dm7-G7 with fingerpicking
- Replace every V chord in songs you know with V7
- Try Em7-Am7-Cmaj7-D7 as a mellow fingerpicking progression